DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS ON COMMUNICATION
DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS
4.0 Introduction
This chapter presented data obtained
from responses to the questionnaire distributed.
Tables were used to show the
information retrieved from the questionnaire and also the background
information on the respondents,the areas of the distributed questionnaire were
highlighted. A total of 50 copies of the questionnaire were given out to
respondents and 50 copies of the questionnaire were returned.
4.1 Data
presentation
Section A: Background information on
respondents.
Table
1:
|
Areas visited in Choba
|
Sex
|
%
|
Age
|
%
|
Occupation
|
%
|
|||||||||
|
|
M
|
F
|
%
|
20-30
|
31-45
|
46-above
|
-
|
Civil servant
|
Bankers
|
Students
|
Traders
|
Teachers
|
Doctors
|
Nurses
|
|
|
Rumuchakara
|
3
|
12
|
30%
|
10
|
5
|
-
|
30%
|
3
|
5
|
3
|
2
|
2
|
-
|
-
|
30%
|
|
Ndudor
|
2
|
13
|
30%
|
12
|
3
|
-
|
30%
|
4
|
4
|
-
|
3
|
2
|
2
|
-
|
30%
|
|
Rumuokachi
|
3
|
7
|
20%
|
6
|
3
|
1
|
20%
|
3
|
-
|
-
|
4
|
1
|
-
|
2
|
20%
|
|
Owhipa
|
4
|
6
|
20%
|
5
|
3
|
2
|
20%
|
4
|
4
|
-
|
2
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
20%
|
|
Total
|
12
|
38
|
100%
|
33
|
14
|
3
|
100%
|
14
|
13
|
3
|
11
|
5
|
2
|
2
|
100%
|
From the above table it shows that in
Rumuchakara 15 (fifteen) copies of questionnaire were given out and 15
(fifteen) also were returned. 3 (three) are male while 12 (twelve) are female
which is the total of 15 (30%). 10 (ten) respondents fall under the age of
20-30 years, 5 (five) are the age of 31-45years,total of 15 (30%). 3 (three)
respondents are civil servant, 5 (five) are bankers, 3 (three)are students, 2
(two) teachers which is the total of 15 (30%). In Ndudor also 15 (fifteen)
copies of questionnaire were distributed and the same 15 (fifteen) were
retrieved. 2 (two) are male while 13 (thirteen) are female which is the total
of (30%). 12 (twelve) respondents are civil servants, 4 (four) bankers, 3
(three) traders, 2 (two) teachers and 2 (two) doctors total of 15 (30%).
This table also shows that in
Rumuokocha 10 (ten) copies of questionnaire were given out and all were
returned. 3(three) are male while 7 (seven) are female which is the total of 10
(20%). 6 (six) are 20-30 years, 3 (three) are 31-45 and 1 (one) fall under the
age of 46-above, total of 10 (20%). 3 (three) respondents are civil servant, 4
(four) traders, 2 (two) nurses and 1 (one) teacher, total of 10 (20%).
The above table it shows that 10 (ten)
copies of the questionnaire were distributed in Owhipa and the same 10 (ten) were retrieved. 4 (four) respondents
are male while 6 (six)are female which is the total of 10 (20%). 5 (five) fall
under the age of 20-30 years, (3) are 31-45years while 2 (two) are
above.4(four) respondents are civil servant, 4 (four) bankers and 2 (two)
traders which is the total of 10 (20%).
Section
B
Question
one: How many hours do you spend with your child?
|
Variable
|
Frequency
|
Percentage
|
|
4-6hrs
|
15
|
30
|
|
6-8hrs
|
10
|
20
|
|
8-12hrs
|
12
|
24
|
|
12-16hrs
|
10
|
20
|
|
24hrs
|
3
|
6
|
|
Total
|
50
|
100
|
The table above shows that 15 (30%)
respondents said they spend 4-6hrs with their children, 10(20%) said 6-8hrs, 12
(24%) said 8-12hrs, 10 (20%) said 12-16hrs while 3(6%) said 24 hrs.
Question
2: Does your child use sounds and gestures to get and keep attention?
Table
2:
|
Variable
|
Frequency
|
Percentage
|
|
Yes
|
45
|
90
|
|
No
|
5
|
10
|
|
Total
|
50
|
100
|
This table shows that 45 (90%)
respondents said Yes while 5 (10%)
said NO.
Question
three: Does your child seem to recognize your voice and go quite if crying?
Table
3:
|
Variable
|
Frequency
|
Percentage
|
|
Yes
|
32
|
64
|
|
No
|
10
|
20
|
|
Total
|
50
|
100
|
The table above shows that (64%) of
the respondents strongly believe that their child seem to recognize there voice
and go quiet if crying while (20%) respondents disagree to that and 16% cannot
really tell.
Question
four: Does your child startle at loud sounds?
Table
4:
|
Variable
|
Frequency
|
Percentage
|
|
Yes
|
24
|
48
|
|
No
|
26
|
52
|
|
CNT
|
-
|
-
|
|
Total
|
50
|
100
|
The above table, it can be seen that
it is only 24 (48%) respondents answered Yes
to the question while 26 (52%) said No.
To know how well the child makes these sounds that are attributed to the
developmental milestone, the researcher gave a rating scale to show the quality
of the sounds.
Rating
scale
|
Variable
|
Frequency
|
Percentage
|
|
E
|
10
|
20
|
|
V
|
8
|
16
|
|
G
|
3
|
6
|
|
F
|
2
|
4
|
|
B
|
-
|
-
|
|
Total
|
24
|
68
|
E= Excellent
V= Very Good
G= Global
F= Fair
B= Bad.
From the rating scale above 10 (20%)
said excellent, 8 (16%) said very good while 3(6%) said good and 2(4%) said
fair, respondents affirmed to the fact that their children startle at loud
sounds.
Question
5: Do you communicate with your child?
Table
5:
|
Variable
|
Frequency
|
Percentage
|
|
Yes
|
50
|
100
|
|
No
|
-
|
-
|
|
Total
|
50
|
100
|
The table above it shows that all the
respondents 50 (100%) affirmed to the above question.
Question
5b:
If
yes, how do you communicate with your child?
Table
6:
|
Variable
|
Frequency
|
Percentage
|
|
By
talking to your child when breast feeding him/her
|
20
|
40
|
|
Responding
to your child when he/her babbles
|
5
|
10
|
|
Providing
the basic needs
|
-
|
-
|
|
Listening
to your child when he talks to you
|
18
|
36
|
|
Responding
to your child when he makes mistakes
|
7
|
14
|
|
Total
|
50
|
100
|
This table shows that 20 (40%)
respondents only communicate their children when breast feeding him/her 5 (10%)
respondents said when he/her babbles, 18 (36%) respondents said listening to
the child when he/she talks while 7 (14%) said only when the child makes
mistakes.
Question
7: Does your child have different ways of expressing him/her needs?
Table
7:
|
Variable
|
Frequency
|
Percentage
|
|
Yes
|
30
|
60
|
|
No
|
18
|
36
|
|
CNT
|
2
|
4
|
|
Total
|
50
|
100
|
The analyzed table above clearly shows
that 30(60%) of their children have different ways of expressing his/her needs while
18 (36%) said No and 2 (4%) cannot really tell.
Question
7b: If yes how can you differentiate the cry of each need?
Table
8:
|
Variable
|
Frequency
|
Percentage
|
|
Cries
loudly when hungry.
|
10
|
20
|
|
Cries
little when he/she wants to be carried.
|
2
|
4
|
|
Babbles
and kicks when happy.
|
-
|
-
|
|
Cries
loudly when uncomfortable.
|
8
|
16
|
|
Tells
you when he/she wants anything.
|
10
|
20
|
|
Total
|
30
|
60
|
This table, it was deduced that 10
(20%) respondents said their children cries loudly when hungry, 2 (4%)
respondents said cries little when he/she wants to be carried, 8 (16%) affirmed
to the fact that their children cries loudly when uncomfortable while 10 (20%)
said their children tells them when he/she wants anything.
Question
8: Does your child imitate different speech sounds?
Table
9:
|
Variable
|
Frequency
|
Percentage
|
|
Yes
|
50
|
100
|
|
No
|
-
|
-
|
|
CNT
|
-
|
-
|
|
Total
|
50
|
100
|
This table shows that 50 (100%) respondent
strongly agree.
Question
9: Does your child say 1 or 2 word, like hi, dog, dada and mama?
Table
10:
|
Variable
|
Frequency
|
Percentage
|
|
Yes
|
30
|
60
|
|
No
|
20
|
40
|
|
CNT
|
-
|
-
|
|
Total
|
50
|
100
|
The table above, shows that 20 (60%)
respondents said Yes while 20 (40%) said No.
Question
10: Do you play with your child?
Table
10
|
Variable
|
Frequency
|
Percentage
|
|
Yes
|
50
|
100
|
|
No
|
-
|
|
|
Total
|
50
|
100
|
This
table shows that 50 (100%) respondent agreed.
Question
10b.if yes, how often do you play with your child?
Table
11:
|
Variable
|
Frequency
|
Percentage
|
|
Always
|
15
|
30
|
|
Sometimes
|
25
|
50
|
|
Rarely
|
10
|
20
|
|
Not at all
|
-
|
-
|
|
Total
|
50
|
100
|
It can be deduced in this table that
15 (30%) respondents always play with their children, 25 (50%)said sometimes, while 10 (20%) said rarely.
Question
11: What are the outcomes of parental involvement in the communication
development of children?
|
Variable
|
Frequency
|
Percentage
|
|
Good
language development
|
18
|
36
|
|
Good
understanding of language
|
10
|
20
|
|
Good
speech development
|
20
|
40
|
|
Good
communication skills
|
12
|
24
|
|
Healthy
and happy children
|
-
|
-
|
|
Total
|
50
|
100
|
This shows that 18 respondents 18(36%)
said good language development, 10 (20%) said is good understanding of
language, 20 (40%) said is good speech development,12(24%)said is good
communication skills.
Question
12: What are the barriers to effective parental involvement?
Table
13:
|
Variable
|
Frequency
|
Percentage
|
|
Lack of parental involvement in rising
their child
|
23
|
46
|
|
Poor nutrition
|
5
|
10
|
|
Isolation
|
7
|
14
|
|
Lack of communication
|
10
|
20
|
|
Inadequate love and care
|
5
|
100
|
|
Total
|
50
|
100
|
It shows that 23 (46%) respondents
said barriers to effective parental involvement is the lack of parental
involvement raising their children, 5 (10%) said poor nutrition, while 7 (14%)
said isolation, 10(20%) lack of communication and 5 (10%) said inadequate love
and care.
Question
13: What factors contribute to the success of parental involvement?
|
Variable
|
Frequency
|
Percentage
|
|
Involvement of both parent in the
raising of their children
|
25
|
50
|
|
Show your child love
|
10
|
20
|
|
Good nutrition
|
5
|
10
|
|
Conducive environment
|
12
|
24
|
|
Socialization
|
8
|
16
|
|
Total
|
50
|
100
|
This table shows that 25(80%)
respondents said is the involvement of both parents in rising their child, 10
(20%) said show your child love, 5(10%)said is
good nutrition, 12 (24%) said is conducive environment while 8 (16%)
said socialization.
4.2 Discussion
and findings
Research question 1: What are the
roles of parental involvement in communication development in children?
As parents you have several roles to
play in your child communication development.
Table
5 and 6 were used to answer this question.
Table
5 shows that all the respondents 50 (100%) are involved regarding their child’s
communication development.
Table
6 shows that 20 (40%) is only when breast feeding their children they are
involved, 5 (10%) respondents said when the child babbles, 18 (36%)said when
the child talks to them while 7 (14%) is by correcting the child when he or she
makes mistakes. This means that parents are involved in one way or the other in
the aspect of their children
communication development.
Research
question 2: What are the backgrounds of parents who are involved?
This can be found in the background
information on respondents. Most parents who are involved, are teachers and
traders because they spend quality time with their children, they can go to
their shops and businesses at any time if possible with the child, it also
applies to teachers while students, doctors and nurses they are not much
involved. civil servants and bankers are definitely not involved because they
go out early and come back late, they are so busy, leaving their children in
the hands of siblings, relatives, maids, caregivers and their child communication
development relies on their hands. It can be deduced that parents who spend
quality time, their child has a better communication development then those
whose parents spend less time with their children due to their job.
Research
question 3: What are the outcomes of parental involvement in the communication
development of children?
Table
10 and 12 were used to answer the above question. Table 10 shows that 30(60%)
respondents said yes while 20 (40%) said No. This means most parents are doing
well in the communication development of their children because most children
within these age are able to say words like, hi, dog, dada and mama.their
speech is developing due to parents are involved and they are doing what they
ought to do.
Table
12: Response to this questions revealed that 18 (36%) respondents achieve their
involvement as a result of good language development, 5 (10%) as a result of
good understanding of language, 20 (40%) said is good communication skills. The
response has suggested that parents achieve great result in the involvement of
their child’s communication development.
Research
question 4: What factors contribute to the success of parental involvement?
Table
6 and 14 answered the question
Table
6 shows that when parents communicate with their children it terms to increase
the child vocabulary,it could be communicating with the child when
breastfeeding him/her, when the child babbles and kicks,or listening to the
child when he/her talks and also when the child makes mistakes.
Table
14 shows that for parents to achieve success, both parents must be involved in
the raising of their child, is not just a parent responsibility because most
men feels is the responsibility of the mother, showing your child love can also contribute to the success of parental
involvement. Love plays a key role in parental involvement, it makes the child
comes out with great possibilities.
good nutrition, condusive environment and socialization when your child mingle
with his peers, it helps the child communication development.
Research
question 5: What are the barriers to effective parental involvement?
Table
1 and 13 answered the question.
Table
one shows that the hours or time parents spend with their child is very
important but is quiet unfortunate that parents who their jobs do not allow
them to spend quality time with their children. The child may acquire
communication because people are around him/her but in the part of the parents
they are failing because they give their children a limited time.
Table 13 shows that
23(46%)parents said is lack of parental involvement in rising of their
child,5(10%)said is poor nutrition,7(14%)said is isolation,10(20%)said is lack
of communication while 5(10%)said inadequate love and care.This means that
measurity
of parents feels that lack of both parents rising the their child can be a
barrier to the child communication development.
No comments