RESEARCH METHODOLOGY AND DATA PRESENTATION ON RURAL COMMUNICATION IN RADIO BAYELSA STATE AND ACCESS TO INFORMATION FOR DEVELOPMENT

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

3.0     Introduction

          The main purpose of this study is to investigate the rural communication in radio Bayelsa State and access to information for development. This chapter discusses the purpose through which this study is carried out. And it has been subdivided into the following headings. Research design, research population, sampling procedure, research instrument method of data collection and method of data analysis.

3.1            Research Design

          The design adopted for this study is survey, because of its acclaimed efficiency in explanatory and descriptive research that involves the sampling of opinions and attitude of people.

3.2            Research Population

          The population of this study  is both educated and non-educated people male and female between the ages of 16-50 years old, the population statistically is 3,000 persons estimated through their voting strength.

3.3            Research Procedures

          The setting for this study is Bayelsa and the sample size of 300 (Three Hundred) person where randomly selected out of communities through the stratified random sampling. They are kabiama, Dagana-Gbene and Agoro in Sagbama Local Government Area of Bayelsa State.

3.4            Research Instrument

          The instrument that was used for this study is the questionnaire. The question is used to obtain information on rural communication in Radio Bayelsa State and access to information for development in Sagbama Local Government Area of Bayelsa State. The questionnaire is in two sections, the first section contain information on the demographic factor for the respondent while the second section contain answers to the research question related to the study.

3.5            Method of Data Collection

          The response given by the people was collected and used to analyze the rural communication in Radio Bayelsa State and access to information for development in Sagbama, Bayelsa State  in other t analyze the data gathered, the descriptive method based on percentage calculation was used, table was also used to clarify and illustrate the findings. In words, the researcher also interview some persons or respondents by asking question as they appeared in the questionnaire.

3.6            Method of Data Analysis

          The data will encoded and analyzed for simplicity clarity and for easy understanding the data will be presented in a tabular form, using frequency distribution and percentage.

CHAPTER FOUR

DATA PRESENTATION, INTERPRETATION AND ANALYSIS

4.0     Introduction

          In this study, a total number of (200) Two Hundred copies of questionnaire were distributed to the respondents of Sagbama Local Government Area of Bayelsa State. The researcher took his time administering the questionnaire to the respondents. In all, the total number of 180 questionnaire were returned and 20 were not returned. This shows a satisfactory response rate of 100% adequately. The questionnaire is made up of two section, the first section deals wit the demographical variable of the respondents which centred on age, sex, occupation, educational level, marital status, while the section deals with question on the rural communication in radio Bayelsa State and access to information for development.

4.1            Data Presentation and Analysis

          Data presentation is an organized format of interpreting the result gathered after carrying out the research work. The result are presented in tables as below.

Table 1: Age of Respondents

Age	Frequency	Percentage %
16-20	20	11.1
21-25	7	3.8
26-30	10	5.5
31-35	50	27.7
36-40	15	8.3
41-45	30	16.6
46-50	48	26.6
Total	180	100

          In the above table, 11% of the respondents are in the age bracket of 16-20, 4% of the respondents are the age of 21-25, 6% of the respondents are in the age of 26-30, 28% of respondents are the age of 31-35, 8% of respondents are the age of 36-40, 17% of respondents are the age of 41-45, while 27% of respondents are of the age bracket of 46-50.

Table 2: Sex Distribution of the Respondent

Sex	Frequency	Percentage %
Female	110	61.1
Male	70	38.8
Total	180	100

         

In the above table, 61% of respondent are female while 70% of respondents are male.

Table 3: Educational level of the Respondents

No formal education	Frequency	Percentage %
GCE	40	22.2
NCE/OND	80	44.4
Undergraduate	25	12.8
First degree	25	13.8
Total	180	100

          In the above table, 6% of respondent have no formal education, 22% of respondent have GCE, 44% of respondents have NCE/OND, 14% of respondents are undergraduate while 14% of respondents are first degree holder.

Table 4: Occupation of the Respondents

Occupation	Frequency	Percentage %
Civil servant	45	25
Teacher	35	19.4
Business men/trader	100	55.5
Total	180	100

          In the table above, 25% of respondents are civil servant, 19% of the respondents are teacher while 56% of the respondents are businessmen/traders.

Table 5:  Do you have Radio Set

Response	Frequency	Percentage %
Yes	135	75
No	45	25
Total	180	100

          In the above table, 75% of respondents accepted “yes” they have radio, while 25% said “no”.

Table 6:  How often do you listen to radio programme?

Response	Frequency	Percentage %
Regular	80	44.4
Not at all	30	16.6
Sometimes	70	38.8
Total	180	100

          In the table above, 44% of respondents, said they listen to radio “regular”, 17% of respondents said “not at all” while 39% of respondents listen to radio “sometimes”.

Table 7:  What are the programmes you often listen?

Response	Frequency	Percentage %
News	70	39
Music	30	17
Sports Analysis	30	17
Entertainment information	40	22
Adverts	10	5
Total	180	100

          In the data above, 30% of respondents listened to news, 17% of respondents listened to music, 17% of respondents listened to sports analysis, 22% of respondents listened to entertainment information while 10% of respondents listened to adverts programmes.

Table 8:  Do people in rural area of Bayelsa State has any programme on radio targeted at them?

Response	Frequency	Percentage %
Yes	150	83
No	30	17
Total	180	100

          In the above table, 83% of respondents said “yes” that radio has made a positive impact in their lives while 17% of respondents said “no”.

Table 9:  Do you believe the information you get from Radio?

Response	Frequency	Percentage %
Yes	100	56
No	80	44
Total	180	100

          In the above table, 56% of respondents accepted that they believed while 44% of respondents do not believed in radio information.

Table 10:  How much has radio contributed to the development of the community

Response	Frequency	Percentage %
Positive	120	67
Negative	60	33
Total	180	100

          In the table above, 67% of respondents response that radio information affect them positively while 33% of respondents response negatively to radio information.

Table 11:  Do the information you get from radio educative?

Response	Frequency	Percentage %
Yes	170	94
No	10	6
Total	180	100

In the table above, 94% of respondents responses “Yes” that Radio information is educative while 6% of respondents said “no”.

Table 12:  Do you think that the radio programme can bring about development in the community?

Response	Frequency	Percentage %
Yes	120	67
No	60	33
Total	180	100

          The table above, 67% of respondents said “Yes” radio programmes can bring development in the community while 33% of respondents said “No” that radio programme can not be development in the community.

Table 13:  Are there some programme targeted rural people on radio?

Response	Frequency	Percentage %
Yes	100	56
No	80	44
Total	180	100

          In the table above, 56% of respondents response that there are some programmes targeted at rural people of Bayelsa on radio, while 44% of respondents said “No”.

Table 14:  If yes specify

Response	Frequency	Percentage %
Gben-epie	180	100
-	-	-
Total	180	100

          In the table above, 100% of respondent said the name of the radio programme that targeted at them is “Gben-epie.

4.2            Data Analysis

Research question 1: Do people in rural Area of Bayelsa have access to radio information?

          To answer these question table 5, can be used, in table 5,75% of respondents response “yes” that people in rural area of Bayelsa State has access to radio information while 25% of respondents do not have access to radio information.

Research questions 2: How often do the rural people listen to radio programme?

          To answer these table 6,44% of respondents listened to radio programme “regularly”, 39% of respondents listened to radio “sometime”, while 17% of respondents do not listened to radio programme at all.

Research questions 3: How much has radio contributed to the development of the community.

          To answer this question table 10 can be used, in table 10,67% of respondents response “positively” that radio has contributed to the development of the community while 33% of respondents response “negatively” that the development of the community.

Research questions 4: How much impact does radio has in the lives of people in the rural area.

          To answer this question, table 8 can be used, in table 8,83% of respondents accepted  that radio has a much positive impact in the lives of people in rural area of Bayelsa State while 17% of respondents said radio has much negative impact in their lives.

Research questions 5: Table 8:  Do people in rural area of Bayelsa State has any programme on radio targeted at them?

          To answer this question, table 13 and 14 can be used. In table 13,56% of respondents said “yes” that they have a radio programmes targeted at them while 44% of respondents said “no” also in table 14, 100% of respondents said Gben-epie is the name of the radio programme that is targeted at them in the rural area of Sagbama, Bayelsa State.